14 research outputs found

    Annotation Automatique Des Connaissances Spatiales En Arabe

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    In this paper, we introduce a rule-based approach to annotate Locative and Directional Expressions in Arabic natural language text. The annotation is based on a constructed semantic map of the spatiality domain. Challenges are twofold: first, we need to study how locative and directional expressions are expressed linguistically in these texts; and second, we need to automatically annotate the relevant textual segments accordingly. The research method we will use in this article is analytic-descriptive. We will validate this approach on specific novel rich with these expressions and show that it has very promising results. We will be using NOOJ as a software tool to implement finite-state transducers to annotate linguistic elements according to Locative and Directional Expressions. In conclusion, NOOJ allowed us to write linguistic rules for the automatic annotation in Arabic text of Locative and Directional Expressions

    Relations of causality in Arabic and French with a constitution of linguistic resources for automatic processing

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    Cette thèse propose une analyse contrastive de la causalité en arabe et en français. L’intérêt d’une telle étude est double. Nous exposons un cadre linguistique concernant l'analyse des différentes manifestations linguistiques causales. Ensuite, nous établissons de ressources linguistiques relatives à la causalité selon la méthode d’exploration contextuelle (Desclés 1997) destinées à un traitement automatique pour une recherche d’information. Nous passons à l'étude du lexique verbal afin d’organiser une grande diversité des verbes indicateursde causalitéen arabe ainsi que de dresser une liste assez complète des significations des verbes indicateurs répertoriés et de les classer dans des catégories sémantiques. Dans le but d’élaborer une carte sémantique causale, nous avons été obligées de préciser un réseau de concepts théoriques relatifs à la causalité. Le modèle de Talmy a constitué notre point de départ, il nous a permis une première décomposition de la signification des verbes indicateurs causaux. Le modèle de la Grammaire applicative et cognitive (Desclés 1990) nous a fourni un cadre pertinent pour représenter cette décomposition et l’affiner également. Pour finir, nous avons élaboré les schèmes sémantico-cognitifs des verbes indicateurs causals ainsi que des schémas aspecto-temporels en tenant compte des arguments impliqués par la causalité.This thesis proposes a contrastive analysis of causality in Arabic and French. The interest of such study is twofold. We present a linguistic framework for the analysis of different linguistic causal manifestations. Then, we establish linguistic resources of causality following the contextual exploration method (Desclés 1997) used in automatic processingfor information retrieval. We turn to the study of the verbal lexicon to organize a wide variety of existing indicators verbsof causality in Arabic, and to compile a fairly complete list of the meanings of verbs indicators listed and classify them into semantic categories. In order to develop a causal semantic map, we have been obliged to specify a network of theoretical concepts related to causality. Talmy model was our starting point; it allowed us to undertake a certain decomposition of the meaning of causal indicators verbs. The model of Applicative and Cognitive Grammar (Desclés 1990) provided us with a relevant theoretical framework to analyze this decomposition. Finally, we have developed semantic-cognitive patterns for the causal indicators verbs as well as aspectual-temporal patterns taking into account the arguments involved by in the causality

    Extraction d’information à partir des sites Web en arabe basée sur une méthode à base des règles

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    Cet article décrit un outil qui se sert de l’ingénierie de la langue pour l’extraction d’information à partir des sites web en arabe, Ces informations serviront aux documentalistes du Web poue créer des fches d’archivage pour les sites. Une fche d’archivage est proposée, l’objectif étant de remplir cette fche automatiquement. Pour la reconnaissance et la classifcation des segments textuels, la méthode d’exploration contextuelle proposée par Descles est utilisée, les marqueurs et règles linguistiques sont défnis en se basant sur une étude synthétique des spécifcités de la langue arabe. Un corpus de plus de 1300 sites Web en langue arabe a été construit, les résultats obtenus montrent l’intérêt de l’approche pour constituer des fches d’archivage des sites Web en langue arab

    خوارزمية لاستخراج أسماء رواة الحديث النبوي آليا اعتمادا على صيغ الإخبار في السند

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    لمّا كان للحديث النبوي الشريف ولعلم الرواية الأثر الواضح في اللغة العربية؛ آثرنا أن نضع بصمتنا في هذا المجال، فقمنا بعمل تطبيق للتعرّف الآلي على أسماء الرواة عبر الاستعانة باللسانيات الحاسوبية. تكمن أهمية هذا العمل في تسهيله استخراج أسماء الرواة خدمة للدارسين في علم الحديث، كذلك سيُشكل هذا العمل نواة لأعمال لاحقة في التصنيف الآلي للرواة، طبقا للتصانيف المقررة في هذا العل

    (التعرف الآلي على الأسماء المهملة و الكنى المستخرجة (أسانيد الحديث نموذجا

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    لما كان الحديث النبوي الشريف هو مصدر التشريع الثاني عند المسلمين و هو الترجمة العملية للقرآن الكريم, كان لا بد من التحقق من صحة الأحاديث و ضعفها. و قد اعتمد المحدثون و خاصة أهل الجرح و التعديل منهم على التحقق من أحوال رواة اللأحاديث للحكم عليها, و أصلوا أصولا لذلك ذكرها ابن الصلاح في مقدمته (1), و من أهمها معرفة أحوال الرجال او الرواة. و معرفة الرجال منوطة بمعرفة أسمائهم, و بعد عملنا السابق المرتبط (2) باستخراج أسماء الرجال, لاحظنا وجود أسماء مهملة (مثل سفيان من دون تحديد), و كنى (مثل حدثني أبي), بما يضفي الغموض على الراوي , ولا يساعد في معرفة حال. و من هنا كان لزاما لنا من العمل على المساعدة في تحديد و معرفة أسماء الرواة المستخرجين من نصوص الأحاديث النبوية الشريفة, عبر الاستعانة باللسانيات الحاسوبية , و قواعد البيانات الدلالية بهدف اختصار الجهد و الوقت و المال للتعرف على الراوي بعينه و ازالة اللبس و الغموض عنه للمساعدة في الترجمة الآلية له في المراحل التالية ان شاء الله

    Opinion Corpus for Lebanese Arabic Reviews (OCLAR)

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    Computational study of mixing behaviour of a turbulent jet issuing in a uniform counterflow at low velocity ratios

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    International audienceThis paper proposes a computational study for the analysis of the velocity and the scalar concentration field of a round turbulent jet flowing into a uniform stream in opposite direction. The investigation is carried out for a range of low jet-to-counterflow velocity ratios; R = 1.3, 1.6, 2.2, 3.1 and 3.4. The Reynolds stress model is applied in numerical simulation to compare obtained results with experimental data from the literature. It is found that predicted results are in good agreement with the experimental data and that the jet fluid decays faster in the presence of a counterflow. The linearity between the penetration distance and the velocity ratio is verified and the axial fluctuating velocities along jet centreline appear to have two distinct peaks, except for the stronger counterflow. The enhanced mixing efficiency of the counterflowing jet is verified through the radial distribution of velocity and scalar concentration at different streamwise stations

    Computational Study of Velocity Field of a Counterflowing Circular Jet

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    Sixth Conference on Design and Modeling of Mechanical Systems (CMSM 2015), Hammamet, TUNISIA, MAR 23-25, 2015International audienceThis paper treats the complex and very interesting ``round jet in uniform counterflow stream'' configuration which is known to enhance mixing and dispersion efficiency owing to flow reversal. The complexity of the problem originates from the interaction occurring between the jet and the counterflow. The interest of this configuration is essentially due to its presence in various applications (disposal of wastewater into seas or rivers, premixing fuel in aircraft engines, combustion, etc ...) and in more than a field (industrial, environmental, chemical engineering, etc ...). For the matter, a computational study of a turbulent circular jet discharging into a uniform counterflow is conducted in order to investigate the characteristics of the mean velocity field of the jet fluid. The investigation is carried out for three different cases of jet-to-current velocity ratios; low, median and high velocity ratios. The Reynolds Stress Model (RSM) is used in the comparison with available experimental measurements. The decay of the centerline velocity and the dynamic proprieties of the flow together with radial profiles of axial velocity are computationally analyzed in this paper
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